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id="post-info"><h1 class="post-title">C语言学习笔记（3）</h1><div id="post-meta"><div class="meta-firstline"><span class="post-meta-date"><i class="far fa-calendar-alt fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">发表于</span><time class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2020-12-13T05:14:28.000Z" title="发表于 2020-12-13 13:14:28">2020-12-13</time><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-history fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2021-03-30T07:27:53.333Z" title="更新于 2021-03-30 15:27:53">2021-03-30</time></span><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80/">C语言</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span 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class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><script src="\assets\js\APlayer.min.js"> </script><p>&emsp;&emsp;今天再说说新的东西吧！</p>
<h2 id="一、关于switch函数的使用"><a href="#一、关于switch函数的使用" class="headerlink" title="一、关于switch函数的使用"></a>一、关于switch函数的使用</h2><p>&emsp;&emsp;同样的，让我们先看一看示例代码：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#include&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">int <span class="function"><span class="title">main</span></span>()</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   int a,b;</span><br><span class="line">   char c;</span><br><span class="line">   scanf(<span class="string">&quot;%d&quot;</span>,&amp;a); </span><br><span class="line">   scanf(<span class="string">&quot;%c&quot;</span>,&amp;c);</span><br><span class="line">   scanf(<span class="string">&quot;%d&quot;</span>,&amp;b);</span><br><span class="line">   switch(c) </span><br><span class="line">   &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   	<span class="keyword">case</span><span class="string">&#x27;+&#x27;</span>: <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%d&quot;</span>, a + b); <span class="built_in">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">case</span><span class="string">&#x27;-&#x27;</span>: <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%d&quot;</span>, a - b); <span class="built_in">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">case</span><span class="string">&#x27;*&#x27;</span>: <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%d&quot;</span>, a * b); <span class="built_in">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">case</span><span class="string">&#x27;/&#x27;</span>:</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(a == 0)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">         	 <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Divided by zero!&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; </span><br><span class="line">			 <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%d&quot;</span>, a / b);<span class="built_in">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	default : <span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Invalid operator!&quot;</span>); <span class="built_in">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="built_in">return</span> 0;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&emsp;&emsp;上面的代码有用switch语句和if……else判断语句的嵌套复合，这里我们只讨论switch语句功能。</p>
<p>&emsp;&emsp;“switch”是开关的意思，大致框架如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">switch</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">case</span> 常量表达式:语句块;	//这里的语句块是指类似于“<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;%d&quot;</span>,a)”这样的句子</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	……						//这里的省略号表示可以反复循环3和4语句</span><br><span class="line">	default: 语句块；</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&emsp;&emsp;这里的<code>case</code>之后的语句将作为判断的条件，当碰到<code>break;</code>时，程序将跳过之后语句块，也就是说，程序在运行过程中会与每一个“case”语句的条件进行判定。若没有遇到符合条件，则会继续执行程序。就算匹配到符合条件，如果没有遇到“break”，则继续执行程序，反之则跳出“seitch”语句判断，即<code>break;</code>以下语句不执行。</p>
<p>&emsp;&emsp;当然了，当所有<code>case</code>都不满足相应的条件时，那么计算机则会执行<code>default</code>中的代码。</p>
<p>&emsp;&emsp;<code>default</code>称为“缺省值”。在switch语句当中可有可无，执行到后面的“break”时跳出switch判断。</p>
<p>&emsp;&emsp;这里推荐一篇文章，讲的更为细致：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://c.biancheng.net/view/310.html">switch语句用法注意事项，如何正确使用switch语句？</a></p>
<h2 id="二、关于平方根的计算"><a href="#二、关于平方根的计算" class="headerlink" title="二、关于平方根的计算"></a>二、关于平方根的计算</h2><p>&emsp;&emsp;虽然在上上期我介绍了两种在C语言中次方计算的方法，但是今天还是要补充一下另一种平方根的计算方式。</p>
<p>&emsp;&emsp;sprt函数可用于在C语言计算一个非负实数的平方，在使用的过程中同样的用如下形式。</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sprt(<span class="string">&quot;在此处填入相应的变量名&quot;</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&emsp;&emsp;今天就说到这儿吧……明天再说。</p>
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class="toc-text">一、关于switch函数的使用</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BA%8C%E3%80%81%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E5%B9%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A0%B9%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">二、关于平方根的计算</span></a></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/2022/04/12/STM32%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0%EF%BC%882%EF%BC%89/" title="STM32学习笔记（2）"><img src= "" data-lazy-src="/img/STM32.jpg" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" alt="STM32学习笔记（2）"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" href="/2022/04/12/STM32%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0%EF%BC%882%EF%BC%89/" title="STM32学习笔记（2）">STM32学习笔记（2）</a><time datetime="2022-04-12T15:26:24.000Z" title="发表于 2022-04-12 23:26:24">2022-04-12</time></div></div><div 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